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Innovations in Multidisciplinary Education Journal
Vol. 1, No. 1, November 2024, page: 129-142
E-ISSN: 3064-0180
129
Yulianti et.al (The Analysis of Figurative Language….)
The Analysis of Figurative Language Found in English
Lyrics of Song “Easy on Me” By Adele Laurie
Yulianti
a,1
, Nur Azmi Rohimajaya
b,2
, Riandi
c,3
a,b,c
Universitas Mathla'ul Anwar,Jl. Raya Labum KSM 23 Cikaliung Saketi. Pandeglang - Banten 42273
1
yuliantiyuli@gmail.com;
2
nurazmiroshimajaya030@gmail.com;
3
riandi@yahoo.com
INFO ARTIKEL
ABSTRAK
Sejarah Artikel:
Diterima: 2 October 2024
Direvisi: 23 October 2024
Disetujui: 29 October 2024
Tersedia Daring: 1 November 2024
Tujuan dari Makalah Penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui Jenis-Jenis
Bahasa Kiasan yang digunakan dalam Lirik Lagu Inggris, Arti Bahasa Kiasan
ini dalam Lirik Lagu Inggris dan Untuk Mengetahui Bahasa Kiasan yang
Paling Dominan dalam Lirik Lagu Inggris. Dalam Penelitian ini peneliti
menggunakan Penelitian Kualitatif karena Data Berbentuk Kata-kata
Tertulis atau Lisan Teknik Pengumpulan Data yang Dikumpulkan Dari Lagu
Berjudul “Easy on Me” Oleh Adele Laurie. dan peneliti melakukan 8
Langkah Teknik Analisis Data, Sebagai Berikut: Mendengarkan Lagu,
Membaca Lirik Lagu, Menggarisbawahi Kata Yang Berhubungan Dalam
Bahasa Kiasan, Mengidentifikasi, Mengklasifikasikan Lirik Tertentu,
Menganalisis Ulang Lirik Lagu, Coding, dan Yang Terakhir peneliti
membuat Tabel dan Pie Chart. Temuan Penelitian, Peneliti Menemukan
Tujuh Belas Bahasa Kiasan dalam Lirik Lagu Bahasa Inggris adalah:
Aliterasi, Hiperbola, Idiom, Ironi Litotes, Metafora, Metonimia,
Onomatopoeia, Oxymoron, Personifikasi, Pengulangan dan Simile. Bahasa
Kiasan yang Paling Dominan Digunakan dalam Lirik Lagu adalah Repetition
Found Three Song Lyric.
Kata Kunci:
Lirik Bahasa Inggris
Bahasa Kiasan
Lagu
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
English Lyrics
Figurative Language
Song
The Aims of the research Paper are to Find out the Types of
Figurative Language are used in English Lyric of Song’s, Meaning
of this Figurative Language in English Lyric of Song’s and To
Find out the Most Dominant Figurative Language in English Lyric
of Song’s. in this Research, the researcher used the Qualitative
Research since the Data are in the Form of Written or Oral Words
the Techniques of Collecting Data, the Collected From the Song’s
Entitled of “Easy on Me” By Adele Laurie. and the researcher did
8 Steps to the Techniques of Analysis Data, Follows: Listening the
Songs, Reading the Song Lyrics, Underlining the Word Which
Related in Figurative Language, Identifying, Classifies Certain
Lyrics, Reanalyzed the Song Lyrics, Coding, and the Last the
researcher make a Table and a Pie Chart. The Finding of the
Research, The researcher Found Seventeen the Figurative
Language in English Lyrics of Song’s are: Alliteration, Hyperbola,
Idiom, Irony Litotes, Metaphor, Metonimia, Onomatopoeia,
Oxymoron, Personification, Repetition and Simile. The Most
Dominant Figurative Language which are used in the Song Lyrics
is Repetition Found Three Song Lyric.
©2024, Yulianti, Nur Azmi Rohimajaya, Riandi
This is an open access article under CC BY-SA license
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Innovations in Multidisciplinary Education Journal
Vol. 1, No. 1, November 2024, page: 129-142
E-ISSN: 3064-0180
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Yulianti et.al (The Analysis of Figurative Language….)
1. Introduction
Language is a method of human communication that is essential for everyday
interactions, allowing individuals to communicate, engage, and get information from others.
Language serves as a means of conveying one's emotions, ideas, thoughts, and fantasies. It
may be communicated orally or in writing form. Spoken language is a kind of
communication that is conveyed by spoken expression, often accompanied by intonation and
nonverbal cues. According to Khoerunnisa et.al (2023), Language serves as a means of
transmitting messages or a comprehensive understanding of meaning within the context of
social, political, and historical circumstances. Humans often make blunders while utilizing
language as a form of communication in their daily lives. Indeed, the inaccuracies may or
may not be recognized. A two-second silence while speech indicates a pause. Moreover, if
someone makes a mistake, such as mispronouncing words when speaking, it may be referred
to as a slip of the tongue. Psycholinguistic studies also examine speech mistakes, revealing
that language involves cognitive processes that are expressed via linguistic forms.
As stated by Nuriadi et.al (2016:162), figurative language refers to the use of verbal
words or expressions to explain or convey the intended meaning, concept, or message of a
speaker. Figurative language is used to enhance the structure of a phrase with the main
objective of achieving a certain impact, therefore creating an imaginative impression on the
listener or audience, whether by oral or written means. Every writer have a unique style
through which they articulate their literary concepts. The writing style of each article will be
affected by its respective author. Figurative language enhances and enlivens literary works,
elevating their quality and making them more vibrant.
Allowing to Gasma & Yunita (2017:77), A song is a fusion of a musical composition and
a human voice, which showcases the words. Furthermore, according to Becky in Adawiyah
& Ayatika (2017:86), using songs is a simple technique to capture children's attention and an
enjoyable approach to facilitate learning. The use of music media in English instruction for
young learners is anticipated to serve as a source of motivation for students in their English
language learning endeavors. The student will exhibit a heightened level of interest in
studying the English language. A lyric might have either an explicit or subliminal meaning.
The researcher is interested in doing research on songs as the subject of study. This
research aims to provide a description of figurative language, specifically in music, including
an analysis of the predominant forms of figurative language used. The present research
focuses on analyzing the metaphorical language used in song lyrics due to its high level of
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Yulianti et.al (The Analysis of Figurative Language….)
attention, popularity, and familiarity throughout society. Comprehending the significance of
song lyrics may be challenging due to their use of implicit meanings and indirect
expressions. Researchers must evaluate the figurative language employed in the lyrics to
ascertain their intended meaning.
a. Analysis
Analysis is an attempt to observe something in detail. Bagaskara & Ristiania (2019:14),
state that analysis is a process of analyzing a specific piece of data from a variety of sources, as
well as analyzing the data it self and the data it contains, as well as analyzing the data among
the data in order to improve the quality of the data and the quality of meaning as a whole.
Analysis involves various tasks like understanding, distinguishing, categorizing, and
rearranging items based on specific criteria, followed by identifying connections and
interpreting their significance.
b. Linguistic
According Nafinuddin (2020) states that linguistics is can be seen as the study of meaning,
one of the three levels of language analysis alongside phonology and grammar. It is recognized
as a linguistic field examining the connection between language signs and their referents,
essentially focusing on the meaning of language. Semantics, a branch of linguistics, is closely
linked to disciplines like sociology, anthropology, philosophy, and psychology.
c. Figurative Language
As stated by Risdianto F (2011:33), figurative language refers to the use of language that
directly compares unlike things using metaphors and similes. Figures of speech convey
nuances of meaning that are not easily conveyed in any other manner, they communicate
nuances of meaning that can be communicated precisely in any other manner, they
communicate a lot in a more concise timeframe than would otherwise be possible, and they are
instantaneous as they encapsulate meaning in visual language rather than expressing it in a
detached manner.
d. Types of Figurative Language
As stated by James [2014;212], Figurative language is a language style in which words or
phrases are used that deviate from their literal meaning. It usually accomplishes the goal of
explanation. Details, fabrication or modification, and manipulation. Figurative language is
language that uses a variety of speech figures. Personification and idiom are examples of
figurative language types. Take a look at these explanations for further clarity.
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e. Song
A song is a little component of music that has been enjoyed by several generations. One of
the music enthusiasts is a youthful student. Songs are potent teaching tools used by teachers
throughout the learning process.
f. Adele Laurie Biography
According to Youtobe about bioghraphy of Adele Laurie with the link
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adele 11 march 2024 Article history Adele Laurie blue
adkins MBE is a British vocalist and lyricist. Adele, who graduated from BRIT school in 2006,
secured a recording deal with XL records in the same year when a friend published a sample of
her song on MySpace.
g. Easy on Me’Song
According to Youtobe about of song lyrics Easy on Me with the link
https://g.co/lgs/5ckSRSY The song entitled “easy on me” is a song sung by the world class
musician, Adele, which was released for the first time on October 15 2021. This work is a new
work and the first after 6 years of not releasing any songs at all. Adele previously leaked a
fragment of this song on her personal instagram. These was such excitement that within 45
minutes of it’s release, the video clip for this song had been played more than 674 thousand
times on the official youtobe. The following are the lyrics to Adele’s song “easy on me”
complete with translation.
h. Review of Previous Research
There were several researchers who had conducted the research entitled related to this
research. However, there were some similarities and differences in object of the study, method
and approach, including: The first research was conducted by Laila Alvina Dewi 2020 entitled
Analysis Figurative Language in Maher Zain Song in academic year 2019/2020. The research
aimed to find out the meaning of figurative language contained in the video clip of Maher Zain
song. The Second Nana Nurdiana (2015) did a second study titled "An Analysis of Figurative
Language in Katy Perry Songs." The research aimed to determine the implied meaning and The
linguistic style used in Katy Perry's songs may be classified as a specific form of language.
The third study, undertaken by Rinda Sonia in 2020, analyzed the use of figurative
language in the poem "Mending Wall" by Robert Frost. The objective of this study is to
examine the many forms of metaphorical language. Based on the previous researchers above,
all of them are relevant and suitable. Those researchers also become references for this
research. The researcher found that the similarities between this research and the three previous
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types of research lies in approach method that is using Figurative language Approach.
Meanwhile, the differences lies in object of the study. This research using song while the
previous research using Video Clip, Film and Poetry.
2. Research Method
A research method refers to the specific approach or technique that a researcher uses to
examine data. Conducting research is crucial, and it is essential for the researcher to use the
appropriate methodology. The study employs a descriptive qualitative technique. Moleong
(2011:3) States that the descriptive qualitative approach utilizes techniques of verbal
communication, data collection, and data analysis. In qualitative research, the focus of
analysis is on comprehending the outcomes of the collected data, rather than on calculating
them. The research approach used in this study attempts to evaluate the lyrics of the song
"Easy on Me." Written by Adele Laurie.
The data source for this research were taken from You Tobe with the name account
Adele Laurie. The data source is the Easy on Me’song lyrics.
a. Data Collecting Technique
Creswell et.al (2016:3) Define research techniques as systematic plans and processes
including a range of phases, from overarching assumptions to specific ways of collecting,
analyzing, and interpreting data. The researcher used a descriptive research technique with a
qualitative approach. Descriptive research is a kind of writing that provides a detailed
description of the current situation based on direct research. The data acquired in this type of
research is qualitative in nature, derived from sources such as manuscripts, interviews, field
notes, personal papers, memo notes, and other relevant materials. The qualitative technique is
an approach that emphasizes thorough observation and analysis. Hence, the use of qualitative
methodologies in research might provide a more exhaustive investigation of a topic. Qualitative
is a scientific paper prepared based on research conducted with the aim of understanding an
existing phenomenon about what has been experienced. The examples of qualitative data are
from interviews, research notes, observation data differentiated by category, customer
comment data on a product, and other data presented in writing.
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b. Data analysis Technique
During the analysis process, the researcher employs the following processes:
1. Identification
Upon collecting the data, the researcher proceeds to categorize it based on the types of
figurative languages used, with a specific emphasis on distinguishing between literal and
non-literal meanings. This classification process aims to facilitate the organization of the
data.
2. Classification
The researcher classifies which song lyrics contain meaning or elements of figurative
language of easy on me’song by Adele Laurie .
3. Analysis Data
At this stage, The researcher will analyze data sources that have classified song lyrics
that contain elements of figurative language. at this stage the researcher will further
examine the types of metaphorical language included in the categorized music lyrics.
3. Result and Discussion
This chapter describes three main topics; they are description of the results and
discussion of the data investigation. The data collected in this research pertains to the many
types of figurative language are most dominant in easy on me by Adele Laurie. To describe the
figurative language, meaning and type of dominant in the lyrics of song. There are seventeen
figurative languages in the lyrics of the song easy on me, including one personification, two
metaphors, two similes, one hyperbole, three repetitions, one alliteration, one onomatopoeia,
two idioms, one irony, one litotes, one metonymy and one oxymoron. After that, the dominant
Figurative Language was found in the figure of speech repetition with the number. Repetition
figure of speech is a language style that expresses the repetition of the same words, phrases or
clauses to emphasize the meaning of a sentence or discourse, by repeating words or endings in
each line in songs, the songs can leave a more lasting imprint on the reader’s heart. The lyrics
of this song emphasize they really can’t be together anymore those lyrics also explain that he is
really sruggling to be together both of them tried to maintain their relationship so that in the
end they had to separate for their respective happiness.
Types of Figurative Language in Song Lyrics
The formulation of the research is what are the types of figurative language used in
English lyric of song “Easy on Me”. Through the analysis of the collected data, there is any
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several findings have emerged, specifically pertaining to the various types of figurative
language utilized in the song lyrics. The categories of figurative language were derived from
the analysis of supporting ideas and are provided in the tables. In chapter II , the previous study
showed that each research that have been conducted by Laila Alvina Dewi (2020), Nana
Nurdiana (2015), Rinda Sonia in (2020). All of the previous research showed there are any
differences with this research, that is in object of the study. This research using song while the
previous research using Video Clip, Film and Poetry. but the research has also similarity, such
found that the similarities between this research and the three previous types of research lies in
approach method that is using Figurative language Approach.
All of them claimed that there are several types of figurative language in song lyrics. The
result of all previous research has endorsed the finding on what the researcher found in this
research. The result of this research showed the seventeen figurative language in the lyrics of
the song easy on me by Adele Laurie, including one personification, two metaphors, two
similes, one hyperbole, three repetitions, one alliteration, one onomatopoeia, two idioms, one
irony, one litotes, one metonymy and one oxymoron. This finding is in line with theory in
chapter II which stated Figure of speech is a rhetorical tool used in language to give a certain
appeal and effect to writing or speech.
Meaning of Figurative Language in Songs
The formulation of the research is What are the meaning for this figurative language in
English lyrics of song “Easy on Me”? Through the analysis of the collected data, so it can be
concluded that in the lyrics song there are many figurative language meanings. After analyzing
the song, the researcher found out seventeen data categorized the meaning of figurative
language. including one personification “I know there is hope in this waters” The meaning in
the lyrics of this song describing inanimate objects or non living objects as if they had
characteristics like humans or living creatures. Meaning that hoping in a body of water will not
be possible because this water is an inanimate object. Two metaphors,” I know there is hope in
this waters but I can’t bring my self to swim”.“when I am drowning in this silence” The
meaning in the lyrics of this song the author compares hope with reality that is difficult to
realize and the similes used in metaphors are in the form of an expression message. Two
similes, “I changed who I was to put you both first but now I give up”. “when we are both so
deeply stuck in our ways”. The meaning in the lyrics of this song is simile a figure of speech
that compares two different things. one hyperbole, “There ain’t no room for things to change”.
The meaning in the lyrics of this song the sentence uses very excessive words.
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Three repetitions, “Go easy on me baby”. “There ain’t no room for things to change
when we are both so deeply stuck in our ways”. “You can’t deny how hard I have tried”. The
meaning in the lyrics of this song in these lyrics is figurative language that uses repetition word
to emphasize meaning. One alliteration, “I had no time to choose what I choose to do”. The
meaning in the lyrics of this song is a consonant sound that is made repeatedly in two words in
one sentence. one onomatopoeia, “Baby”. The meaning in the lyrics of this song is word
“baby” is word that are completely similar to the sound they produce two idioms, “There
ain’t no gold in this river”. “I ve been washin my hands in forever”.the meaning in the lyrics
of this song is the figurative language which a group of words whose meaning is not
understood from their literal meaning. one irony, “So go easy on me”. The meaning in the
lyrics of this song the sentence uses subtle innuendo. one litotes, “I was still child did’nt get
the chance to feel the world around me “.The meaning in the lyrics of this song to reduce or
minimize the actual reality with the aim of humbling one self. one metonymy, “I know there is
hope in this waters”. The meaning in the lyrics of this song a figure of speech that replaces a
word with another word. and one oxymoron “ Drowning in this silence” The meaning in the
lyrics of this song this sentence places two antonyms in a syntactic relationship.
Types of Figurative Language are Most Dominant in the Lyrics of Song
From the table 3 in the song researcher found seventeen the kinds of figurative language,
there are: one personification, two metaphors, two similes, one hyperbole, three repetitions, one
alliteration, one onomatopoeia, two idioms, one irony, one litotes, one metonymy and one
oxymoron. This finding is in line with theory in chapter II which stated Figure of speech is a
rhetorical tool used in language to give a certain appeal and effect to writing or speech. From a
pie chart above the researcher can found of figurative language in lyrics of songs is seventeen
and the most dominant of figurative language is repetition with three the figurative language in
lyrics of song.
a. Table and Picture
Table 1 Types of Figurative Language
N
o
Lyrics
Kinds of figurative language
Data
source
P
E
R
M
E
T
S
I
M
H
Y
P
R
E
P
A
L
L
O
N
O
I
D
I
I
R
O
L
I
T
M
E
T
O
X
Y
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S
H
I
O
O
O
1
I know there is hope in this waters
YouTobe
Adele
Laurie
2
I know there is hope in this waters
but I can’t bring my self to swim
3
when I am drowning in this silence
4
Go easy on me baby
5
I was still child did’nt get the
chance to feel the world around me
6
There ain’t no room for things to
change when we are both so deeply
stuck in our ways
7
You can’t deny how hard I have
tried
8
I changed who I was to put you
both first but now I give up
9
There ain’t no gold in this river
10
I ve been washin my hands in
forever
11
I had no time to choose what I
choose to do
12
Baby
13
So go easy on me
14
There ain’t no room for things to
change
15
when we are both so deeply stuck in
our ways
16
I know there is hope in this waters
17
Drowning in this silence
Meanings of Figurative Language in the Song “easy on me” by Adele Laurie
Table 2 Meaning of Figurative Language
No
Lyrics
Kinds of
Figurative
Language
Meaning of Figurative Language
1
I know there is hope in this waters
Personification
Called personification because describing
inanimate objects or non living objects as if
they had characteristics like humans or living
creatures
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2
I know there is hope in this waters
but I can’t bring my self to swim
Methapora
Called metaphore because the author
compares hope with reality that is difficult to
realize
3
when I am drowning in this
silence
Methapora
The similes used in metaphors are in the form
of an expression message
4
Go easy on me baby
Repetition
Called repetition because in these lyrics
is figurative language that uses repetition
word to emphasize meaning
5
I was still child did’nt get the
chance to feel the world around
me
Litotes
Called litotes because to reduce or minimize
the actual reality with the aim of humbling
one self
6
There ain’t no room for things to
change when we are both so
deeply stuck in our ways
Repetition
Called repetition because in these lyrics
is figurative language that uses repetition
word to emphasize meaning
7
You can’t deny how hard I have
tried
Repetition
Called repetition because in these lyrics
is figurative language that uses repetition
word to emphasize meaning
8
I changed who I was to put you
both first but now I give up
Simile
Called simile because simile a figure of
speech that compares two different thngs
9
There ain’t no gold in this river
Idiom
Called idiom because those figurative
language which a group of words whose
meaning is not understood from their
literal meaning
10
I ve been washin my hands in
forever
Idiom
Called idiom because those figurative
language which a group of words whose
meaning is not understood from their
literal meaning
11
I had no time to choose what I
choose to do
Alliteration
Called alliteration because a consonant
sound that is made repeatedly in two
words in one sentence
12
Baby
Onomatopoeia
Called onomatopoeia because word “baby” is
word that are completely similar to the sound
they produce
13
So go easy on me
Irony
Because the sentence uses subtle innuendo
14
There ain’t no room for things to
change
Hyperbole
Because the sentence uses very excessive
words
15
when we are both so deeply stuck
in our ways
Simile
Called simile because simile a figure of
speech that compares two different thngs
16
I know there is hope in this waters
Metonymy
Called metonymy because a figure of speech
that replaces a word with another word
17
Drowning in this silence
Oxymoron
Because this sentence places two antonyms in
a syntactic relationship
Types of Figurative Language are Most Dominant in the song Lyrics
From the data above, the researcher can concluded there are many figurative language uses in
english of song lyrics that the researcher analyze choses song are:
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Table 3 Types of Figurative Language are Most Dominant
N
o
Lyrics
Kinds of figurative language
Data
source
P
E
R
S
M
E
T
H
S
I
M
H
Y
P
R
E
P
A
L
L
I
O
N
O
I
D
I
O
I
R
O
L
I
T
O
M
E
T
O
O
X
Y
1
I know there is hope in this waters
YouTobe
Adele
Laurie
2
I know there is hope in this waters
but I can’t bring my self to swim
3
when I am drowning in this silence
4
Go easy on me baby
5
I was still child did’nt get the
chance to feel the world around me
6
There ain’t no room for things to
change when we are both so deeply
stuck in our ways
7
You can’t deny how hard I have
tried
8
I changed who I was to put you
both first but now I give up
9
There ain’t no gold in this river
10
I ve been washin my hands in
forever
11
I had no time to choose what I
choose to do
12
Baby
13
So go easy on me
14
There ain’t no room for things to
change
15
when we are both so deeply stuck in
our ways
16
I know there is hope in this waters
17
Drowning in this silence
Total
1
2
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
17
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Picture 1 Picture 2
4. Conclusion
The researcher found seventeen kinds of figurative language. including one
personification, two metaphors, two similes, one hyperbole, three repetitions, one alliteration,
one onomatopoeia, two idioms, one irony, one litotes, one metonymy and one oxymoron. From
a pie chart above, it can be conclude the most dominant figurative language which is used in
the song lyrics is repetition found three figurative language and more than the others.
5. Acknowledgement
Alhamdulillahi rabbil alamin all praises to Allah SWT. The researcher would like to say
thanks for Allah SWT blessing during her study and in completing this final project. The
researcher realizes that this paper could not be completed without the help and guidance from
others. The researcher is very grateful to many people who have contributed their ideas and
time in completing her final project.
6. References
Azwardi, S. (2016). Analysis of Figurative Used in Some Coldplay’s Song Lyrics. Ilmu
pendidikan : Jurnal kajian teori dan praktik kependidikan, 45(1), 1-13.
Adawiyah, Ayatika. (2017). The Effectiviness of Popular Songs in Improving Student’s
Listening Skills (Bachelor Thesis, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta).
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