Pemikiran Pendidikan Kritis dari Barat ke Timur: Telaah Teoritis dan Praksis dalam Pendidikan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61476/b1g4bn19Keywords:
Critical Education, Paulo Freire, Henry Giroux, Ahmad Dahlan, Ki Hajar Dewantara, Emancipation, Indonesian EducationAbstract
This study examines the thoughts of six critical education figures from both the East and the West (Paulo Freire, Henry Giroux, Ira Shor, K.H. Ahmad Dahlan, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, and Mochtar Buchori), analyzed within the framework of ontology, epistemology, and axiology of critical education. Using a literature review and thematic analysis, this article reveals that although they come from different social and cultural contexts, these six thinkers share a common vision of education as a tool for emancipation and social transformation. Furthermore, the article explores how these ideas can be implemented within the Indonesian education system, which is still overshadowed by technocratic approaches and the dominance of market ideology. The findings recommend integrating the values of critical education into curriculum design, learning strategies, and national education policies as an effort to foster students’ critical consciousness and promote social justice.
Downloads
References
Adi Prakosa, B., & Arif Musadad, A. (2022). Development of Critical Pedagogy in Indonesian Islamic Education. The 2nd International Conference on Government Education Management and Tourism, 2022.
Ahmad, J., & Manusia, A. P. K. (2018). Paradigma pendidikan Islam: Upaya Mengefektifkan Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah. Pasca Sarjana UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 3, 320.
Amelia, T. F., & Hudaidah, H. (2021). Pembaharuan Pendidikan Berdasarkan Pemikiran K. H. Ahmad Dahlan. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(2), 472–479. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i2.333
Arlini, I., & Mulyadi, A. (2021). Pemikiran K . H . Ahmad Dahlan Tentang Pendidikan Islam ( Studi Penelitian Kepustakaan ). Turats, 14(2), 41–70.
Asman, Wantini, & Betty Mauli Rosa Bustam. (2021). Filosofi Pendidikan K.H. Ahmad Dahlan dan Implikasinya pada Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 6(2), 262–281. https://doi.org/10.25299/al-thariqah.2021.vol6(2).6119
Azis, M. (2022). Kesenjangan Pendidikan dan Reproduksi Ketimpangan Sosial. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 7(1), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jpk.v7i1.1234
Castleberry, A., & Nolen, A. (2018). Thematic analysis of qualitative research data: Is it as easy as it sounds? Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 10(6), 807–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2018.03.019
Deceu Berlian Purnama, R., Hitami, M., & Murhayati Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, S. (2023). Ahmad Dahlan Dan Pembahuruan Masyarakat Muslim: Arah Gerakan Awal Keywords. Jurnal Adzkiya, VII, No. I(I), 70–81.
Fadilah, N., Saragih, H., & Ardianti, S. (2021). Perspektif k.h. ahmad dahlan dalam mendirikan muhammadiyah. Islamijah: Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 2(2), 78–100. https://doi.org/10.30821/islamijah.v2i2.16758
Flemming, K., Booth, A., Garside, R., & Noyes, J. (2020). Qualitative evidence synthesis for complex interventions and guideline development: Clarification of the purpose, designs and relevant methods. BMJ Global Health, 5(1), e003505. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003505
Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.
Freire, P. (1996). Pedagogy of Hope: Reliving Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.
Giroux, H. A. (1983). Theory and Resistance in Education: A Pedagogy for the Opposition. Bergin & Garvey.
Giroux, H. A. (2020). On Critical Pedagogy (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic.
Giroux, H. A. (2024). Critical Pedagogy Against the Neoliberal Agenda in Education. Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress.
Gunawan, R., Lestari, D., & Wahyuni, E. (2023). Critical Pedagogy dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education and Social Science, 4(1), 77–85.
Hasanah, S. (2022). Tantangan Pendidikan Humanis di Era Industri 4.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 12(2), 211–223. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jpp.v12i2.5678
Herlambang, Y. T. (2021). Pedagogik: Telaah kritis ilmu pendidikan dalam multiperspektif. Bumi Aksara.
Ichikawa, H. (2022). A theory of hope in critical pedagogy: An interpretation of Henry Giroux. Educational Philosophy and Theory.
Ilyasir, F. (2017). Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam Integratif di Indonesia; Kajian Filosofis dan Metode Implementasi. LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(1), 36–47.
Irawan, D., & Mulyana, A. (2021). Pendidikan di Era Pasar Bebas: Sebuah Tinjauan Kritis. Jurnal Pendidikan Kritis, 8(2), 101–115.
Jesson, J., Matheson, L., & Lacey, F. M. (2022). Doing your literature review: Traditional and systematic techniques (3rd ed.). SAGE.
Macrine, S. L. (2009). Critical Pedagogy in Uncertain Times: Hope and Possibilities. Palgrave Macmillan, 119–136. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1057/9780230100893
Made Dwikamayuda, D., Ayu Nyoman Maye Denia Ari, I., Ekawati, N., Putu Kerti, N., Nanci Riastini, P., & Gde Wawan Sudatha, I. (2024). EMPOWERING EDUCATION: INTEGRATING CRITICAL PEDAGOGY INTO TRANSFORMATIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES. Indonesian Journal of Educational Development ( IJED), 5(2), 230–242. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.59672/ijed.v5i2.3823
Moules, N. J., White, D. E., Norris, J. M., & Nowell, L. S. (2022). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 21, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221123242
Mu’thi, A., Mulkhan, A. M., & Marihandono, D. (2015). K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923). In Museum Kebangkitan Nasional Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Museum Kebangkitan Nasional Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Mulyono, M. (2014). Pengembangan Pendidikan Alternatif Di Indonesia. TADARUS, 3(1).
Nugroho, A., & Aziz, M. (2023). Reaktualisasi Pendidikan Ki Hadjar dalam Era Disrupsi. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 9(1), 55–66.
Poth, C. N., & Creswell, J. W. (2021). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Prasetyo, T. (2022). Relevansi Pemikiran KH Ahmad Dahlan terhadap Pendidikan Emansipatoris. Tadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 87–99.
Qomar, M. (2015). Ragam IDENTITAS islam di Indonesia dari PERSPEKTIF kawasan. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 10(2), 317–352.
Rachmawati, I., Budiman, A., & Yusuf, R. (2023). Pendidikan Kritis dan Kesenjangan Partisipasi Siswa. Jurnal Sosial Dan Pendidikan, 11(2), 99–110.
Rahmat, M. P. I. (2017). Pendidikan Agama Islam Multidisipliner Telaah Teori dan Praktik Pengembangan PAI di Sekolah dan Perguruan Tiggi (Vol. 1). LKiS.
Salsabila, N., Fadhila, S., & Rahma, F. A. (2024). Membangun Karakter Bangsa : Implementasi Pemikiran. MARAS: Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, 220–228.
Santoso, W. (2021). Exploring Critical Pedagogy in an Indonesian Higher Education: Possibilities and Challenges. ELTICS : Journal of English Language Teaching and English Linguistics, 6(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.31316/eltics.v6i2.1551
Shor, I. (1992). Empowering Education: Critical Teaching for Social Change. University of Chicago Press.
Shor, I., Matusov, E., Marjanovic-Shane, A., & Cresswell, J. (2017). Dialogic & Critical Pedagogies: An Interview with Ira Shor. Dialogic Pedagogy: A Journal for Studies of Dialogic Education, 5(0 SE-Scholarship Beyond Essayistic Texts). https://doi.org/10.5195/dpj.2017.208
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Sutrisno, H., & Fauzi, F. (2021). Membaca Kembali Ki Hadjar dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Kritis. Jurnal Filsafat Dan Pendidikan, 5(2), 33–44.
Suwignyo, A. (2021). Neoliberalisme dalam Dunia Pendidikan: Kajian Historis dan Kontemporer. Jurnal Sejarah Dan Pendidikan, 10(1), 1–13.
Tinning, R. (2020). Critical Pedagogy in Physical Education: Possibilities and Limitations. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 25(3), 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2020.1718678
Yulianti, D., Pramana, R., & Sari, N. (2021). Pendidikan Kritis dan Penguatan Civic Engagement di Sekolah. Civic Education Journal, 6(2), 78–89.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Luthfi Imama, Pandu Pribadi, Herri Herdiman (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
