Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Kualitas Kewarganegaraan Substantif di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61476/6kjbgs87Keywords:
Economic development, Regional inequality, Social rights, Substantive citizenship, Civic and Pancasila EducationAbstract
Economic development is often seen as the main indicator of a country's success in improving the welfare of its people. However, macroeconomic achievements do not always reflect the equitable fulfillment of citizens' social rights. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's economic development in relation to the quality of substantive citizenship of its citizens, with an emphasis on the fulfillment of social rights, regional inequality, and the role of the state. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design. The data used is secondary data sourced from the Official Statistics of the Central Statistics Agency of the Republic of Indonesia in 2025, supported by scientific literature and relevant national and international reports. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation studies, while data analysis was conducted descriptively and critically using a substantive citizenship framework. The results of the study show that although Indonesia's economic development shows a positive trend, the fulfillment of citizens' social rights still faces various structural challenges. Development disparities between regions, the dominance of the informal sector in the employment structure, and unequal access to education and health care reflect substantive citizenship disparities. These findings confirm that citizenship is not only determined by formal legal status, but also by the material conditions that enable citizens to live with dignity. This study concludes that the success of economic development needs to be measured by its ability to strengthen the fulfillment of social rights and reduce citizenship inequality. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of the state's role in integrating economic development with social policies oriented towards equity, as well as strengthening Pancasila and Citizenship Education that is more contextual and critical of socio-economic realities.
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